![]() ![]() Iron oxide is reduced to iron by carbon monoxide. The common reducing agents used for reduction of metal oxides are:ĭuring the extraction of iron from its oxide: Reduction is the process of removal of oxygen for extraction of metals from their oxide ores. Methods of extraction of metals from ore are based on the reactivity of metals. Ore is a mineral which contains high percentage of metal from which a metal can be extracted most economically. Metals are available in the form of their ores. Metals below to hydrogen in the series does not liberate hydrogen on reaction with concentrated or diluted acids. Potassium, sodium reacts vigorously with dilute acids to liberate hydrogen gas.Ĭalcium, magnesium also reacts vigorously but slowly with acids libearating hydrogen gas. Reactivity decreases on moving down the group in the series. The metals which are present above hydrogen in the reactivity series can reduce hydrogen ions from the acids like HCl and H 2 SO 4. Metals like aluminium, zinc and iron does not reacts with cold water or warm water but can reacts with hot steam. Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water but can reacts vigorously with hot water to produce hydrogen gas Potassium, sodium and calcium can reacts vigorously even with cold water with the liberation of hydrogen gas. ![]() While moving down in the activity series the reactivity towards water decreases. Sodium on reaction with oxygen forms metal oxide as well as metal peroxide.Ĭalcium, magnesium and aluminum on reaction with oxygen forms their metal oxides. Potassium can react with oxygen to form its super oxide in addition to oxide. Metals like potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and aluminium can react with oxygen at room temperatures. On moving down in the reactivity series the reactivity with oxygen decreases. Metals that are placed below copper do not rust easily because of their low reactivity. For this reason oxides of highly reactive metals like magnesium and aluminium are not reduced easily either by hydrogen, carbon or carbon monoxide. Metals of low reactivity cannot displace high reactive metals from their salts. Thus potassium can displace all other metals from their salt solutions.Įxample: Potassium can displace hydrogen from the acids. The metal placed higher in the series can displace the other metal from its salt solution. Hydrogen is the non-metal included iin order to compare the reactivity of metals. Gold placed at bottom of the series is the least reactive among the metals and potassium placed at the top is the highly reactive metal. In the activity series highly reactive metals placed at the top and least reactive metals placed at the bottom. The arrangement of metals in the decreasing order of their reactivity is known as activity series. ![]()
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